Diana

Hi guys, my name is Diana and this pages is for researchreport and my proyect is about//**, Tobacco consumption in zamorano,**// because i think that is a very important topic in this moment.

Tobacco Consumption in Zamorano FATP CHART Form: Research report Audience: Adriana and Grazzia Topic: Tobacco Consumption in Zamorano Purpose: To Explain Why young people consume tobacco in Zamorano and find the ways to help them. Outline Title: Tobacco Consumption Main Topic: Why the students are becoming addicted to tobacco Sub topic: Effects of tobacco consumption on the health of young’s Support details: • Stress and anxiety • Peer pressure • One parent smoke

Related detail: • Many guys have problem to say no when their friends give them a cigarette and anybody knows how started to smoke. • Zamorano is a place whit a lot of hard work and people feel it easier to take a cigarette but no going to exercises or practice another sports.

Conner, M (2007) in their study, why the young smoke and how to stop them? Explain how younger smoker justify themselves in three ways the first is when downplaying the health risks (it won’t happened to me) the second when they extolling benefits (controlling stress) and the last way when they youthful phenomenon (I will give up when I am older). In Zamorano people smoke but really don’t know why to do it, somebody says that they smoking when they are feeling anxious or stressed, especially test period, final graduations projects and excessive work. Young people start smoking although there is so much information available about all the damage that smoking does to the body, many guys think that smoking is very attractive, cool, sophisticate, sexy this is because tobacco industries publicity create this false image. Other guy smoking like a form of rebellion against the system and other just do it because they can’t fight with the peer pressure but is amazing that there are countries and religions in where smoking is very common because is part of their culture. Kropp R (Oct 2004) This pediatric say that cigarette is the principal causes of cancer in the mouth, lungs and throat, also cause bronchitis and other breathing problems but smoking apart for the health risks. Another damage are in the personal appearance, because smoking makes that the hair, clothes and breath smell, the fingers and teeth turns yellow, dry skin, and affect the sense specially the taste and the smell, and the eyes put in red, is amazing how something like this affect all the body. Wiencke, J (7/april/1999) He explain like people that start to smoking when they are young’s, and mention that a big damage caused for the body also important stress that scientists are not sure why smokers who start young very susceptible to more long-term damage, so they think it could be linked to the impact of smoking at an age when the lungs are still developing. Another good reason for giving up smoking is the amount of money you save Smoking is expensive in Zamorano, one cigarette cost L.2.00 and the boxes L. 35.00. Count up how much money it costs in a year. That amount of money could pay for great vacations; buy great clothes,

Cigarettes and minors Children of smoking parents are more likely to smoke than children with non-smoking parents. One study found that parental smoking cessation was associated with less adolescent smoking, except when the other parent currently smoked. More over Rigotti and Pashos (1991) explain how more young usually obtained the cigarettes from your own parents this meaning that adults are principal influence for that guys will be addicts to the tobacco consumption also the 25 percent of the guys start to this problem when they had just 12 to 15 years old and they have the opportunity of obtained tobacco without purchase because in many occasions are free while they learn to smoke and then they are obligates to shoplifting because now they feel to necessity. Studies showing that until 1987 minors could purchase cigarettes in any establishment in most cases they never seeking identification for prove or check the young ages but know exist restriction on the sale of cigarettes to minors also in some instances created educational programs whit the fines resulted in reduction in sales but these tactics had no effects. In Zamorano all the guys are between the 18 and 19 years old when she coming to first year this explain why not exits a law or rule that prohibits the consumption of tobacco on the university however our manual regulations to do mention that we can´t smoking inside the rooms and the new regulations mention that we can´t do it low roof like that class room and corridors the objective is increase the areas of free tobacco but there a considerable number of students smokers, so Zamorano had that appointed specifics areas for smokers.

Smoking Cessation The British doctors study showed that many of tobacco's health effects can be minimized through smoking cessation and that those who stopped smoking before they reached 30 years of age lived almost as long as those who never smoked. It is also possible to reduce the risks by reducing the frequency of smoking and by proper diet and exercise. Zamorano has many recreational areas from to motivate us to playing sports like, football soccer, basketball, baseball, volleyball, water polo, and taekwondo club or individuals activities like swim, run, ride a horse, play bicycle, read a book, play the guitar etc…, and also have many extracurricular groups whit recreational activities like soil club, musician club, dance club, speech club, or simplify share time whit the friends in cerdeos for example, i.e. , all kind of activities that hold our mind very busy working in productive things. But now Zamorano resort to other form of to create conscience in the student population by Zamorano network because through her our student dean send us many informative messages that detail the importance of take care our bodies and especially the lungs and showing how investigations indicate like tobacco consumption increase the sickness in the respiratory system specifically lung cancer and Smoking contributes to the risk of developing heart disease because all smoke contains very fine particulates that are able to penetrate the alveolar wall into the blood and exert their effects on the heart in a short time said the message and poster information post in every residence, because our student guide belong to this important campaign against the consumption of tobacco, and is so important mention it the hard labor to do it for the general curriculum because they create many informative news about this topic through of pictures very illustrated and whit objective information.

Passive Smoking Passive or involuntary smoking occurs when the exhaled and ambient smoke (otherwise known as environmental or secondhand smoke) from one person's cigarette is inhaled by other people. Passive smoking involves inhaling carcinogens, as well as other toxic components, that are present in secondhand tobacco smoke. This indirect effect or second hand is also known to harm children, infants and reproductive health through acute lower respiratory tract illness, asthma induction and chronic respiratory symptoms, middle ear infection, lower birth weight babies, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. In a study released on February 12, 2007 warning signs for cardiovascular damages are higher in people exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke, "Our study provides further evidence to suggest low-level exposure to secondhand smoke has a clinically important effect on susceptibility to cardiovascular disease," said Dr. Andrea Venn of University of Nottingham in Britain, lead author of the study. In other study leaded for the U.S. Surgeon General’s Report (Chapter 5; pages 180–194) they explain that, exist a relationship between secondhand smoke and the sudden infant death syndrome “SIDS”, because infant after birth are exposed to environment that are filled whit big concentration of nicotine. In Zamorano there are many passive smoking because they share every time whit the smokers in each day at any place in the campus, although they are not to do discrimination is very uncomfortable breathing smoke while talking whit them this don´t just may cause respiratory allergies and more damages than a real smoker, for that reason was necessary take care about that situation. But from our lucky, OEA (2008) have studies that actually in Central America smoking is prohibited in low roof, in airports, bus. This meaning that we have taking a big steps because now we have more respect for the life at least we can breathing freely but yet is necessary to do more things reference to that is important paying attention to others situations in the environment that aren´t contributed to reduce tobacco consumption rate especially in young people. WHO Framework convention on tobacco control explain that many countries have a smoking age, including the United States, most European Union member states, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa, Israel, India, Brazil, Chile and Australia, it is illegal to sell tobacco products to minors and in the Netherlands, Austria, Denmark and South Africa it is illegal to sell tobacco products to people under the age of 16. On 1 September 2007 the minimum age to buy tobacco products in Germany rose from 16 to 18, as well as in Great Britain on 1 October 2007. In 46 of the 50 United States, the minimum age is 18, except for Alabama, Alaska, New Jersey, and Utah where the legal age is 19. In development countries like Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Guatemala no exits control about it, lack of regulation at sales cigarettes in minors as the law does not specify and nor prohibited this action which means that just depending of conscience, moral values that each person have, but unlucky in many cases it is a pity because they are lacking them. In Zamorano nobody sales cigarettes as it is prohibiting if the students want to smoke they buy it outside school.

Mood and anxiety disorders People say that when they were young always did otherwise and was very exciting broken rules or to do thing that seem bad may be is human nature or a psychology state in this moment of the life. The abstinence smokers so difficult to control it, for example in Zamorano guys says that they don’t have a specifically moment or schedule simply they feel this necessity and do it but they don’t know that “nicotine is an addictive stimulant and also is a depressant effect” said Imperial college London for this reason is one of the main factors leading to continued tobacco smoking because although the percent inhaled is quite small is sufficient for to cause psychological dependence. And recent studies have linked smoking to anxiety disorders because exist people that stop eating or do it in different moment in the day and are disorganized in their personal things too.

Tobacco and other drugs The center on addiction and substance abuse, explain through, the gateway drug theory is the belief that use of a lower classed drug can lead to the subsequent use of "harder", more dangerous drugs. So many studies have been conducted to explore the relationship between tobacco and other drug. In the first year in Zamorano are few the guys that smoking or drinking but during the year they learn, from second year majority students are smokers, they start drinking or smoking and then they do it both for this reason is very particular find people that regularly smoke and also drinking and possibly ingest others kind of drug, this theory is like a cycle where one thing lead to another worse thing.

Smoking in movies and television BARBER J. G. (1999) the predictors of adolescents smoking study showing how smoking in movies has been linked with adolescent smoking initiation. He says that films tend to have a high incidence of smoking behavior vis-a-vis the general population. In Zamorano many guys think that smoking gives them personal maturity or simply they define themselves like more interesting person.

References

• QUIT SA Information sheets URL:http://www.quitsa.org.au/aspx/index.aspx • QUIT SA 'Smoking cessation guidelines - for Australian General Practice' • Kropp R & Halpern-Felsher B. Pediatrics, Oct 2004; 114: e445 - 451. URL:Adolescents’ Beliefs About the Risks Involved in Smoking "Light" Cigarettes • Moran S, Wechsler H & Rigotti N. 'Social Smoking Among US College Students'. Pediatrics, Oct 2004; 114: 1028 - 1034. URL:http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/abstract/114/4/1028 • Taylor, A., Ussher, M., & Faulkner, G. The acute effects of exercise on cigarette cravings, withdrawal symptoms, affect and smoking behavior: a systematic review. Addiction, 102, 534-543, 2007. Media release available online (cited 30/3/07): URL:http://www.addictionjournal.org/viewpressrelease.asp?pr=60 • Pepino, M., and Mennella, J. Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Family History of Alcoholism on Sweet Taste Perception and Food Cravings in Women. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 2007; 31(11), 1891–1899. The Cancer Council (South Australia) URL:http://www.cancersa.org.au • Drug and Alcohol Services South Australia (DASSA) - provides information, and for residents of South Australia a 24 hour information, counselling and referral service. URL:http://www.dasc.sa.gov.au 