Jorge+Luis


 * ENGLISH RESEARCH**

Agricultural Pan-american School "El Zamorano", Jorge L. Chafla G 09162.

 **Demanding markets and quality roses**

From: Audience: Topic: Purpose:
 * FATP Chart **
 * Research report **
 * Teacher and classmates **
 * Demanding markets and Quality Roses **
 * Show a point of view about the things that globalization made in the Roses varieties and the preference change of the markets. **


 * OUTLINE

 I. **Roses markets

 a.   New markets are flourishing

 ii. Specialized customers  iii. Change preferences  iv. Seasonal demand **
 *  i.  Foreign countries

 b.  Producers change the roses varieties

 1. Preference  2. Occasion  3. Needs  ii. Roses Varieties  1. More controls  2. More conditions of production. <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> 3. Specialized workforce <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> iii. Financial conditions <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> 1. Increasing profitable **
 * <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> i.  According the customers

<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> c.  Globalization

<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> ii. World trade agreements <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> iii. Increasing of foreign countries conditions **
 * <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> i.  Opportunities for increase sales

<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> d.  Transports

<span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> ** i. ** ** Low prices <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> ii. Express delivery <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> iii. Quality conditions <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> 1. Avoid claims <span style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US; msoansilanguage: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; msobidifontfamily: Calibri; msolist: Ignore; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; msobidithemefont: minor-latin;"> iv. More profits

PARAGRAPH**

“Rose is a rose is a rose is a rose” by Gertrude Stein.

Lopez (2009) exhibit that “the currently roses market show different advantages about the opportunities for news seller”. New markets are flourishing in foreign countries such as Russia and Japan, these countries have specialized costumers because now, there are more people that have better revenues and social condition. Recently the preferences changes with the world activities and increasing seasonal roses demand.

In addition, changes in preferences made that roses producers take a different point of view about world demand. Producers are growing different varieties for these new markets; these changes are the result of current costumer’s preferences, occasions and needs. But the new generation of varieties has a special treatment, they need more control, more production conditions and specialized workforce.

Nevado(2007) say that ”Globalization and its development brought to us opportunities for increase sales through World Trade Agreements”. This means that roses producers have advantages in the international markets, because they are supporting by international laws and also they have less taxes than few years ago. These opportunities were the result of increasing of foreign countries conditions, basically economics conditions and trend markets.

Another issue and maybe the mainly concern for roses producer is transportations. During these years the transportation low prices allow to producers carry their product to different places in the world in a short time. For instance, the express delivery enables to carry a roses box over the ocean in only one night and always the product keep the quality conditions, although the delivery have a little percent of product damage. The advantages of new markets and the transportations allow to producer gets more profit of their activities.

Nonetheless, during years an individual producer sold his product straight to Netherland’s buyers. Indeed, he could get the enough profit to be competitive and to improve the production condition. Expoflores association has a complicated work, because it is trying to join different producers and sell their production in the NYSE. Expoflores has twenty producers in the list but it needs more investor to create a good group.


 * PARAPHRASING**


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Industry Highlights. **

<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">During the past few years production of fresh flowers has increased as demand for this item has increased on the same way. Hence, more developing countries are seeing the opportunity as the best way to reach those market niches that are expanding around the world.

Latest estimates show annual consumption of commercially grown flowers worldwide by a borrow range from $60 - $80 billions. On the other hand, on the demand side approximately 80% of consumption has been accredited for by six countries, as well as Germany, The United States, the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, and Switzerland.

Nonetheless, and despite the constant raisin in consumption of flowers, several issues has appeared, including consumers demanding more sophisticated products and at the same time new market niches have developed, for instance, in the American market are well known Claveles and Roses varieties such as: Alstroemeria, the pompom chrysanthemum and gerbera, among others.

Furthermore, to satisfy this growing and variable demand, the production has been moving from countries where production of flowers and consuming are commonly realized like, Netherlands, United States to other new producing countries. The 2004 data shows the world producers ranking.

Consequently, in the United States growing flowers began in the east and continued to west in 1950s rapidly has expanded to several low incomes - developing countries, such as Colombia, Ecuador, Kenya, Zimbabwe, and Jamaica among others. These countries have shown an increase in exports from $18 billion in 1995 to $45 billion in 1999 (UNITC, 2001).

Thus, African countries has been destined its outcomes to European market since it represents better advantage in its distribution due to distance and low cost transportation to these countries, even though these countries does not meet the demand enough, otherwise, South American growers have benefited from the wide prices in markets of The United States, and it has generated an impact of increased competition in prices in the region.

The Flower industry appeared just recently, and therefore it has an important impact in the global market, in addition it has caused concerns in growing countries already established such as Ecuador, Kenya, Malaysia, and Thailand. China and India (especially China) has announced it will quadruple its exports to $200 million by 2010(Bradsher, 2006). Otherwise, new centers of production have appeared in several places like, Dubai, Tel Aviv, and Kunming, China directly affecting distant producers and generating pressure in the global market.

China appears to have benefited from its laborer low cost, who can clean and hold in good state entire Rose chain production manually as much as possible, expand its possibilities to reach, and win great participation in the worldwide market.

In this regard, new links between competitors have bridged the gap among the global markets. For instance, new strategies have appeared, like joint venture, which is strategic alliance and mergers among several enterprises. This is the case of two largest Dutch cooperatives (Floraholland and bloemenveiling Aalsmeer). If the merger is authorized by the Netherland authority, the new entity would become the world`s largest flower marketplace with sales around $ 4.68 billion (Vega, 2008).


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Colombian flower **

<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">In the last 10 or 15 years, the business of flower production in Colombia has been developing due to an increase in demand in The United States, UE and Japan, and has become an interesting opportunity for development of southern countries’ economies.

Cut flower productions has been promoted mostly by the International monetary Fund and World Bank, with the state providing low interest credit, tax, and tariff advantages (Caroline and Madrid,2006). Actually, Colombia is the second largest Flowers exporter, which has destined its products mainly to The United States worth in $889.9 million (80%) and EU especially to The United Kingdom about $37 million (15%) of the total.

Most of the flower production is located around the capital Bogota, in South Colombia, which has perfect conditions to grow different varieties of flowers: permanent sunlight, predictable weather, and cheap female labor. It also seems to benefit from the close location to the international airport.

According with the FIAN, a German NGO, floriculture does not pay any tax as other industrial sectors, because it is consider being an agricultural product. In addition, an imports supply to production does not pay taxes and in the same way, exports enjoy preferential tariffs for new treated such as APTEA and TLC (Free trade treaty) with United Stated and UE.

In this regard, Colombia has approximately 500 companies growing flowers on 4900 hectares, more the 50 variety, although Carnation and Rose are the dominating varieties. Most of the farms were family owned in 1990, but in the past years with the arrival of the multinational Dole both increased, Dole owned 25% of the producing companies (Caroline and Madrid, 2006).

<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">According to Colombia’s Association of Flower Producers (Asocolflores), there are 60 medium firms with a size of 20-50 hectares representing 25 percent of exports and 200 small producers whose area is smaller than 20 hectares representing an additional 25 percent of exports. <span style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Ecuadorian flowers **

<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Ecuadorian flowers, particularly roses, are well known as the finest roses in the world (Vega, 2009) as result of combination of production factors: ideal ecological location, geographic advantages such as altitude over 6050 ft above sea level in the equatorial region, rich volcanic soils, relative proximity to United States, and abundant labor.

The development of floriculture in Ecuador has had a wide trajectory Ecuador first attempted to export flowers between 1963 and 1977, but export growth was limited by lack of good air transportation links to US market. Ecuador has characterized earlier failures and success. <span style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Nonetheless, the industry was revitalized in 1983. B <span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">efore Ecuatoriana de Aviacion (Ecuador’s national carrier) scheduled a weekly flight in 1990, producers had to wait for unoccupied cargo space on passenger planes to transport their products (Arbeláez et al, 2007).

<span style="font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin; msofareastlanguage: ZH-CN;">In the latest decades, total area produced has increased due to new opportunities of market around the world wide. According to Ecuador`s Association of Producers and Exporters of cut-flower (Expoflores), the area of cultivated flower grew by 5000 hectares, the roses being the most cultivated with 60%.(Exhibit 6 show Total areas cultivated).

<span style="mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Expoflores has estimated that 700,000 people are employed in floriculture-related industries, including agrochemicals, irrigation systems, air cargo transportation, logistics, packaging materials, and food services. The development <span style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">of this industry led to a positive effect not only in the economy but also for the socio economic conditions of its population.


 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin; msofareastlanguage: ZH-CN;">Environmental Issues – Fair Trade **

<span style="font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">With an elevation nearing 10,000 feet, the country's proximity to the sun and cool nights provide perfect growing conditions for long, straight roses. Ecuador's cut-flower industry supplies roughly one-third of America's roses, but the industry is notorious for dangerous pesticides.

Over the past 10 years, the fair trade model has transformed the coffee industry across much of Latin America. And while fair-trade-certified flowers have been available in Europe for more than a decade, consumer demand in the United States has not pressed flower growers to comply with fair labor practices or to produce a sustainable rose (Hamilton and Tullmann, 2008).

The alternative is fair-trade-certified flowers, grown in countries like Ecuador, and available to consumers across the United States. As John Nevado has cited “One of the effects of the fair trade system is that you're empowering people by not only giving them extra money. They also take classes in rudimentary finance, accounting, and project management, to manage the extra money they make."

John Nevado a young entrepreneur grower uses in his own farm (Organic Bouquet located 56 miles south of Quito) sustainable techniques such as rising chamomile to ward off certain pests, introducing spiders to eat other pests and using chili and garlic spray in lieu of chemical pesticides. These practices have made his fair trade roses enormously successful in Europe. He now believes that the American consumer is ready to pay a slightly higher price for a more "ethical" rose.

<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;"> Ecuador and Colombia are naturally suitable places for the production of flowers and roses, due to its climate, altitude, rainfall and fertile soil. Colombia has more area for the production of flowers instead Ecuador is geographically smaller than the neighboring country of Colombia. Despite this Pichincha is a province located on the equatorial line is considered the largest region in the world that produces flowers.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Colombian vs. Ecuadorian Roses **

<span style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Ecuadorian rose is known as the most beautiful in the world, not only for its strength, texture and aroma, but also the circumstances in which they are cultivated. A better labor practices have been carried out, European markets now appreciate organic flowers. This represents a small competitive advantage over Colombian roses. Trade, marketing, foreign connections and <span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">good performance in the presence of international markets rose in both countries. <span style="font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin; msofareastlanguage: ZH-CN;"> Subsequent to the recapitalization the company focuses its production to the Russian market due to the economic recovery that Russia had, and the rising demand for ornamentals such as roses was imminent.
 * <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin; msofareastlanguage: ZH-CN;">Focusing on the Russian markets **

<span style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In this regard, this market’s change led to some changes in the entire flower production chain. Furthermore, improvement in quality has been promoted. Flormachachi has replaced American varieties by Russian varieties such as Red Roses, Freedom and Forever Young ( In the summer),High and Boomer, High and Magic, High and Orange, and in San Valentine`s day the best seller is the Sweetness. In addition, Flormachachi has created a new quality system with the objective to meet the needs of the consumer, <span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> <span style="color: black; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">both in the physical conditions of the product (size of button and during the shoot) and pathological (botrytis).

<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin; msofareastlanguage: ZH-CN;">There are currently 12 hectares planted and 50 different varieties. Sales are focused on Russians buyers 72%, European buyers 20%, and just 8% to the American market, considering the top positions in the American market.

<span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Russia has become an important destination for Ecuadorian roses, today many farms intended its products to this growing market, shipping, airlines, importers, and exporters, all coordinated with the objective of carry Ecuadorian roses to the Russian homes. <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin; msofareastlanguage: ZH-CN;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; msofareastfontfamily: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; msoasciifontfamily: Calibri; msohansifontfamily: Calibri; msoasciithemefont: minor-latin; msohansithemefont: minor-latin;">Preferences among the markets vary widely, for example Russians prefer roses with short stem and big head. However, the Russian negotiators have already provided the amount of roses to purchase to Ecuadorian farms, production payment bills are made early or simply in a deadline term established by farm.

Today the Russian market in general, moves across the varieties and changing consumer preferences in this way, there are special dates such as birthdays, weddings, Women's Day, Valentine and funerals, where specific flower arrangements, flowers colors, red roses, etc are recommended according to their traditions. <span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">